Banning Smoking in public places

Banning Smoking in public places Banning Smoking in public places Have you ever stopped to think about the dangers of smoking? Did you ever put in your consideration about other people who are affected by your smoking? Many people think that smoking gives them the feeling of satisfaction and happiness. Other people thinks that smoking makes the to calm down when they are angry, but all of this is nonsense. Smoking is a picked up as a habit by the youth in an unusual way. This habit risks their life and makes them prone to dreadful diseases. So if you are keen to kill yourself, then its your own choice, but, your freedom ends when other peoples freedom begins. Smoking is a very dangerous activity done by most of the people around the world which causes several health, environmental, and social problems. As a result, the WHO decided to pass a law to prohibit smoking in public places to protect people and the environment from the dangers of smoking. Heavy smokers are likely to health problems which they cant figure it out until it reaches a late stage. Researches made by scientists proofed that tobacco is one of the most addictive substances on earth. Every cigarette a smoker smokes supplies the body with great amounts of carcinogen and hazardous chemical substances. â€Å"A heavy smoker, who usually consume from 1 to 2 packs of cigarettes per day inhales 150,000 dose of poisonous smoke yearly.† [1]These Toxic compounds are formed when tobacco reacts with fire. Therefore Nicotine and the other dangerous chemicals formed while smoking are the most harmful things in cigarettes which causes severe health problems. Another Dangerous health problem caused by smoking is Lung Cancer. This is because cigarettes contain over 80 different cancer-causing substances. Scientists showed that these substances could damage the bodys DNA and change their characteristics. This process leads the cells to grow and multiply out of control causing blockage in vital areas in the lung. A smoker could avoid all of these problems and live at ease just by giving up smoking. The pollution caused by cigarettes does not stop in our bodies or the air; it also affects the land we live on and the water that we drink. Millions of cigarette butts are thrown onto the ground every day. They finally end up in the rivers and lakes where fish and animals -by mistake- eat them and quite often die from it. The rest are left on the ground to decompose which will take an average of 25 years while all of the chemicals and additives leach into the ground and pollute the soil and the plants. If you are going to smoke please consider this information before your throw your cigarette butts on the ground. It looks unattractive, it is a major fire hazard in dry weather, and it is extremely harmful to the environment. Another impacting aspect of cigarettes is in producing them. The land used for growing the tobacco all over the world could be used for planting trees or food for starving children in the 3rd worlds countries. Tobacco plants are often sprayed with great amounts of harmful pesticides and chemicals as tobacco is very fragile plant and likely to pick up disease. A lot of trees are also used in producing and packing cigarettes. They use 4 miles of paper an hour just for rolling and packaging cigarettes. Every 100 cigaratte produced waste in the other hand a tree. The trees used in the cigarettes could be filtering out the pollutants found in the air instead of being chopped down for manufacturing a new cigarette. Cigarette smokers have a common belief between them. They think that they only hurt themselves, in fact they hurt all the people surrounding them, people they love and the environment. Your freedom ends when the freedom of others begins. This say delivers the meaning directly. It means that its prohibited to go beyond others scope. This means smokers cant take the action of smoking only if he isnt going to hurt anyone around him. As a result, some countries governments decided to completely ban smoking in public areas to protect the environment and people from the dangers caused by the smokers. A great number of mostly developed countries have enacted bans on smoking in public places or workplaces since the early 2000s. The first building in the world to have a smoke-free policy was the Old Government Building in Wellington, New Zealand in 1876. In 1990, the city of San Luis Obispo, California, became the first city in the world to ban indoor smoking at all public places, including bars and restaurants. Arguably by allowing smoking in public places it is the freedom of non-smokers that is being restricted. By smoking in public the smoker is forcing everyone in the vicinity to smoke too, perhaps there should be signs everywhere reading ‘public smoking area only. This banning prohibition law was in the interest of non-smokers as they are able now to go to public buildings and finish their official transac tions without being hurt by smokers around them. There are 3 million victims yearly in the world die on account of cigarette smoking. Why dont we all start from today to reduce the numbers of smokers to protect our lives from the slow killing substance called tobacco? Why dont we start living green and stop affecting ourselves and our environment from the smoking circumstances? A problem that needs to pause and re-calculations so that we would not target and regret for what happened as a result of smoking. [1] http://healthcare-guidance.blogspot.com/2009/11/effect-of-cigarette-in-our-health.html

Models of Writing

Writing can be an intimidating task.   Many people of all ages will admit to avoiding and even fearing the writing process.   For some reason, the task seems daunting, so methods have been adapted to help ease the process for those that struggle. The five step writing process is typically composed of some derivation of the following steps:   prewriting, planning, drafting, revising, and proofreading.   These steps are widely taught in classrooms from the elementary school level through post graduate work.   The depth of each level is the thing that differs as writers grow and mature. Similar essay: Principles of Good Writing by L.A. Hill Summary The prewriting phase involves the production of ideas and even strategies for later writing of the essay.   This can include using one of many types of graphic organizers such as bubble charts or outlining techniques.   It can also be less organized like brainstorming lists or even random thoughts.   The prewriting phase is a time to explore all facets of an idea without judging or commitment.   During this phase, the writer will find a topic and create his questions for research.   In conducting his research, whether it be formal or informal, he will discover the answers to his questions. Thus the next sequential stage of writing is the planning stage.   Here the writer accumulates all of the information necessary and begins to sort it into categories.   This coincides with the text’s second step of finding and evaluating information from various sources.   Here the writer is still gather information without being certain exactly which he will use. These first two steps correlate with McQuinn and Roach’s first step in their writing process which is the idea step.   According to their website, â€Å"ideas are the heart of the message, the content of the piece, the main theme, together with the details (documented support, elaboration, anecdotes, images) that enrich and develop that theme by building understanding or holding a reader's attention.†Ã‚   Here the writer comes up with the central focus of his work and gather information to support it.   This information may be anecdotal, research-oriented, observed or simply created.   The ideas are important to the process because they allow for wide-ranging creativity from the writer. The third step in the general writing process is drafting.   The text suggests taking notes from the sources and making a formal outline.   It is at this point that the final decisions are made as to what information should be included.   It is important to note that a draft is not a final copy.   Many students of writing make that mistake.   The drafts are sometimes a type of trial and error routine.   Several drafts may be necessary before the writer becomes satisfied with the content of the essay. This stage correlates with the organization stage of McQuinn and Roach.   They note that organization is the â€Å"internal structure† of a piece which includes is central message and the flow of ideas seamlessly from one to another.   This particular process offers that a well-organized piece of writing will begin with a strong opening and conclude with a powerful conclusion, with many developed and stimulating ideas in between.   Of course the writer will have had to already choose his content in order to accomplish this type of structure in his writing. After the drafting stage, the writer must undertake the process of revising.   The revision stage is one that involves many steps.   The paper must be examined for its content, its logical progression, its flow of ideas, its choice of words, phrasing, and overall impact.   The revising stage is much like the drafting stage because each revision is simply a new draft.   Until the revision stage is complete, the drafting stage is not. McQuinn and Roach’s fourth and fifth area are called word choice and sentence fluency.   These two ideas are key to the revision process.   Word choice has to do with, as the name suggests, the careful choosing of the most perfect words to express meaning.   Sentence fluency is the smoothness and fluidity with which the sentences in the writing roll seamlessly from one to another. According to McQuinn and Roach, â€Å"word choice is the use of rich, colorful, precise language that moves and enlightens the reader. It is the love of language, a passion for words, combined with a skill in choosing words that creates just the right mood, impression, or image in the heart and mind of the reader.†Ã‚   To accomplish this is to really wrestle with words until the most perfect choices are made.   Likewise, sentence fluency focuses on the sounds of the sentences.   This forces the writer to consider sound devices such as rhyme, alliteration, creative phrasing, sentence structure, complexity and length.   The sentences will read, in some cases, like music. Finally, the writer has achieved a focused, organized and creatively crafted piece.   He has one more step to complete.   This step is the revision step.   This step demands that the writer proofread his paper to ensure that the conventions of the English language are followed.   This gives the writer and the writing legitimacy.   The reader recognizes that his writing will be more powerful if it is also correct in its use of punctuation, usage, spelling and other such conventions.   While proofreading may be less creative than the stylistic drafting of the piece, it is nevertheless a vital step in the whole of the writing process. While most process driven models of writing end here, the McQuinn and Roach model includes another area.   This area is that of voice.   They note that voice is the heart and soul of a piece, the magic, the wit. It is the writer's unique and personal expression emerging through words. Voice is the presence of the writer on the page. When the writer's passion for the topic and concern for the audience are strong, the text dances with life and energy, and the reader feels a strong and intimate connection to both the writing and the writer. Voice is a more abstract tenet of writing, one that is harder to explain and harder yet to produce. Voice pervades all writing, but not all voice is unique or engaging or even literate.   Many writers take years to produce a recognizable voice.   Some students never learn it.   However, voice is the quality that separates adequate and good writing from great and enlightened writing, yet it is the most elusive quality of all. The process described in the text and the process designed by McQuinn and Roach have many structural similarities.   They both depend on good ideas, organization, drafting, revising and proofreading.   However, the McQuinn and Roach model go beyond this to demand an element of uniqueness, of style, from the writers.   This style is very difficult to teach.   For this reason, it is much more difficult to use. A student of writing would find the text much easier to follow.   The steps are well-defining, and a student who carefully follows them will produce a good piece of writing.   The steps are easy to repeat and practice, and they can be applied to many situations. However, a student who has mastered this type of writing and desire another level to his work will find McQuinn and Roach an excellent step in this direction.   While the tutorial on their website cannot guarantee that one will become a stylist, it gives a mature writer more dimensions with which to experiment in his writing.   Word choice, sentence fluency and voice are all components of this dimension.   Merely good writing can exist without them, but great writing can only emerge with them.   Thus, the user-friendliness of these two models will depend on the level of adequacy that the writer has achieved. References McQuinn, C. & Roach, M.   The Writing Process. WORDSMITH A GUIDE to College Writing 3RD EDITON   

What You Dont Know About Good Essay Topics for the Crucible Might Surprise You

What You Don't Know About Good Essay Topics for the Crucible Might Surprise You Choosing Good Good Essay Topics for the Crucible Another consideration should be what type of college you're applying to. The blank screen or paper before you while drafting essay is easily the most difficult portion of the approach. The essay part of your application is the most crucial. Now you've gone the whole nine yards, you're going to be informed within an acceptable period of time whether your application was approved or not. Ideas, Formulas and Shortcuts for Good Essay Topics for the Crucible You should give an in-depth analysis of the content if you would like to have a high score for your assignment. In the left column, you could put the key points from your initial text. Initially the foreign university will offer its own policy, but it's definitely worthwhile to earn a significant comparison to be able to select the best one regarding contents and emergency cases. Do not stick to a single point. Time taken to memorise You ought to be in a position to memorise an entire 500 word essay in about 3 hours, for your very first time, employing the above mentioned method. The very first step to writing a masterpiece of a university application essay is creating a topic. Especially when writing a lengthy essay, plan on how you're likely to take it over the time supplied by instructor. So, the only means to enhance your writing score is to enhance your reading. Rumors, Deception and Good Essay Topics for the Crucible According to my experience, it wasn't tricky to approach somebody who was prepared to create the deal. A different part of the The Notebooks strengths is the way that it shows the real pieces of any love story, not just the romance but the hardships. However much experience you've got in writing essays, it is not uncommon that people make some mistakes when writing lengthy ones. The ideal way to compose a quirky and distinctive essay is to consi der what parts of your life are quirky and distinctive. New Questions About Good Essay Topics for the Crucible Whenever you have written the essay make certain it is grammatically correct as you'll be memorising every comma and full stop. While writing the essay you should be certain your essay is totally free from all types of errors like grammatical or spelling in order to save your time in the revision procedure. This essay is likely to end up being 300 to 600 words, so in case you pick solid examples and make sure you're very clear in your explanations of things, it won't tough to reach. These essays are many times assigned at college and the term count might be as large as 3000-3500 words. The Most Popular Good Essay Topics for the Crucible Soon you're going to be supplied with an official acceptance letter from your foreign university. Online financial aid resources can offer you with scholarship essay examples that will be able to help you compose an extremely appea ling essay. There are lots of GED essay topics provided to the students in GED essay writing exams which make it challenging to take care of. New Ideas Into Good Essay Topics for the Crucible Never Before Revealed In circumstances whenever you are asked to compose short essay in one hour or so, the correct plan might not be necessary but brainstorming ideas would nonetheless be important. In the event you want to find the most actual information concerning the newest exchange programs, I would advise contacting the Study Abroad Office at your nearby university. One of the absolute most important skills an engineer has is the capacity to present their ideas verbally and in writing. To begin with, you have to choose the purpose the program. Ruthless Good Essay Topics for the Crucible Strategies Exploited Each paragraph of the write-up needs to be meaty and ought to be unified. If your essay is long or it's a dissertation, you must prepare little drafts of paragraphs and att empt to concentrate on each paragraph. Now memorise the base of the sheet of paper with the first couple of words of the essay and what number of sentences are in each paragraph. Don't compose the conclusion paragraph. This sort of essay doesn't need to rely on hard facts since it's based on someone's individual beliefs. The outline ought to be made in accordance to the significance of the suggestions and arguments that you'd be incorporating in GED essay writing. To the contrary, it may also be quite interesting to work on only in case you have good topic in your hands because it is thought of as the backbone of an evaluative essay. You'll have to back up your viewpoint with well-researched facts and data too. The Demise of Good Essay Topics for the Crucible Make short summary notes of your principal notes which you have made. You can also find summary essay writing much simpler. The introduction usually comprises the prompt and a concise overview of what mean to justify in the essay. Critically talk about the summaries to contemplate when it! A crucible is understood to be a severe test. As soon as you are finished with research procedure, start thinking creatively about the subject and make notes or pointers, which can help you during documentation practice. Up in Arms About Good Essay Topics for the Crucible? As long as it's associated with your distinct region of study, it ought to be guaranteed to be the most suitable topic for you. Quite frequently, the very best topic is one which you truly care about, but you also will need to get ready to research it. You must understand the topic and study about the subject. If you select a challenging essay topic for a specific reason, or when you have zero choice and thegiven topic doesn't interest you much, do take the assistance of Professional Advisers. Whispered Good Essay Topics for the Crucible Secrets Relevant information The following thing you ought to look for in good site content is the relevance of the data in the articles. There are various techniques you may apply to boost your skills at understanding a source. Spotless text it's also advisable to look at the caliber of the trial articles. When you're gauging the standard of online articles, you should take into consideration the structure of the articles. What You Don't Know About Good Essay Topics for the Crucible You have to practice this type of essay writing so as to master it. There are lots of places to start your search for scholarship essay examples. It's the most essential area of the essay. A photo essay is a group of pictures with a general topic or theme. The Start of Good Essay Topics for the Crucible Taking a wristwatch into the exam will allow you to keep in time. When you get in the exam make sure you read all the instructions very carefully and look through all of the exam paper. Set all of your equipment and your watch so that you're prepared for the exam. Make certain you a rrive to the exam early and figure out where you're sitting.

The Energy Drinking Red Bull - 2000 Words

Introduction â€Å"Red Bull gives you wings.† Red Bull, the well-known energy drink company, recently promotes its products using this attractive slogan, trying to make people believe they can do everything after drinking Red Bull. In the past, energy drinks were produced purposefully for athletes as an energy supplement after the mass training. In recent years, however, the energy-drink market in other social classes, apart from athletes, has grown exponentially as if it has turned into a kind of soft drinks (energy-drink consumption†¦). In Red Bull’s most recent advertisement, for evidence, their targeted audiences are obviously the public instead of the athletes only. Most people consume energy drink as they believe it aids in enhancing their productivity and focusing on their work. Although it is proven that people could indeed boost up their productivity effectively by consuming energy drinks, some people just extraordinary rely on energy drink until they get addicted to it. A habit of taking in energy drinks is highly not recommended as it would result in a demand of greater amount of future consumption, as human body would establish tolerance to the chemical substances in these beverages. Some compositions in the energy drinks could cause some adverse effects to the consumers if they are consumed excessively. In fact, most ingredients that contribute to the adverse effects are strongly required in the energy drinks due to their unique properties respectively. However, ifShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of Commercial Advertisement Essay examples1639 Words   |  7 Pagesadvertisement of RedBulls energy drink with many advertisement prints and different characters. We have seen the advertisement in which a bird pisses on a man and after that man took out a RedBull energy drink from his pocket and after drinking it, he got wings and he flew overthe bird and unbuttoned his pants and immediately camera shifted tothe bird and it is screaming and shocked to look at it. That advertisement overs there with RedBull can and its slogan.(Red Bull Gives You Wings 2000.†)NowRead MoreRed Bull s Marketing Plan1079 Words   |  5 PagesWelcome to the world of Red Bull, a world where an ything is possible through high levels of caffeine consumption. Don’t believe wingsuiting down a mountain, parkouring the Grand Canyon or breaking the speed of sound while freefalling from the stratosphere is plausible? If rational and conventional thinking dictates everyday life then the answer is simply no. Although Red Bull strives to genuinely identify with consumers, the company endorses an idealistic world. The main focus of Red Bull’s marketing planRead MoreRed Bull Case Analysis1712 Words   |  7 PagesRed Bull Case Analysis Purpose: to provide the chain of strategies Red Bull used to develop their brand equity and global market dominance in the energy beverage industry. Target Market: Red Bull does not target to a specific demographic or psychographic. Its strategy is to reach to a relatively broad consumer base. The target is anyone who need energy boost to combat their mental and/or physical fatigue. Red Bull knows their consumer base mostly involves students, drivers, clubbers, businessRead MoreSugar High Energy Drinks Are Everywhere1435 Words   |  6 PagesSugar High Energy drinks are everywhere. You see them in stores, you see them in vending machines, you see them on television, and you see them in the palms of the hands of those you may know. There like, a candy bar to a kid. Almost everyone one is popping them in their mouth! However, energy drinks is a drink that is suppose to give you a boost of energy right after you drink it. It’s known to make you alert. Although, no one is really told by ads all over that represent these â€Å"energy drink† theRead MoreSwot Analysis : Energy Drink Business883 Words   |  4 PagesSWOT Analysis Strengths The energy drink business today is very large, in the sense that there are many consumers within the target market. However, in this industry, there are not many different competitors. That is to say, there are a small number of energy drinks that you can choose from. The small number of competitors in the market makes it easier for other companies to enter the field. There is also a low threat of new entrants in this field. It would be hard for an outside company to infiltrateRead MoreIntroduction: Red bull is an energy drink created in 1987 by Dietrich Mateschitz. Red Bull is the800 Words   |  4 Pages Introduction: Red bull is an energy drink created in 1987 by Dietrich Mateschitz. Red Bull is the most popular energy drink in the whole world. In 2012, there were more than 5 billion cans sold around the world. The companys slogan is †Red Bull gives you wings†, meaning that it will give you energy. Red bull advertises itself through different events that it creates such as † Red Bull crashed ice.†, sports team ownerships and so on. Red Bull is also very commonly advertised through different athletesRead MoreRed Bull Case Study743 Words   |  3 PagesRed Bull Statement of the Problem: Red Bull’s enviable position is changing. More energy drinks have been introduced in the market. The competitors of Red Bull gives the same effects when drinking these energy drinks by giving extra energy for work and improved performance for athletes. How can Red Bull compete with its competitors and still catch the attention of their market? Assumptions of the Study: Product – Red Bull as an energy drink contains carbon dioxideRead MoreRed Bull735 Words   |  3 PagesCase: Red Bull Red Bull’s success is a result of a great marketing strategy including product placement and creating brand loyalty. Success is also a result of avoiding marketing myopia. Red Bull accomplished this by claiming to satisfy more than just your thirst. Dietrich Mateschitz took the energy drink concept of Krating Daeng in Thailand and broadened it usage by also marketing Red Bull as a sports drink, functional drink, and nutritious drink. Their success was also stemmed fromRead MoreThe Brand Identity Of Red Bull1293 Words   |  6 PagesStrengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats The Brand Identity of Red Bull is an identity of energy, boldness, adrenaline and movement. Action sports, competitions and youthful vigor are the core of how Red Bull presents itself as a brand. Everything is done on a large scale. Their media content is top quality, they sponsor star athletes and they deliver the most incremental dollar sales to the energy-drink category (CSPnet, 2011). Red Bull maintains an identity of excelling the norms, such as when theyRead MoreA Short Note On The Energy Drink Industry996 Words   |  4 Pages Energy drinks are part of the broader soft drink category, which includes carbonated beverages, fruit and vegetable juices, bottle water, sports drinks, beverages concentrates, ready-to-drink tea, and ready-to-drink coffee (Fontinelle). Because there are so many companies competing for the top spot for the best energy drink, it is hard for small and new companies to compete. There are challengers amongst competitors as far as distribution, obtaining s helf space, and offering something unique from

Descriptive Essay On Patriots Day - 1448 Words

Patriot’s Day is an official state holiday commemorating the anniversary of the Battles of Lexington and Concord which marked the first shots of the Revolutionary War. Since 1969, the holiday has been celebrated on the third Monday of April in the states of Massachusetts and Maine. It marks a three-day weekend for these citizens. The biggest celebration on Patriot’s Day is the Boston Marathon, which has been a tradition since 1897. When people think of Boston, they usually think of the Red Sox. Their fan base is so passionate and loyal no matter how poorly the team performs. Every Patriot’s Day, the Red Sox play on their home field at 11 A.M which than leads to all of the Bostonians watching the Boston Marathon. At the start of the 2013†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Four days later, after an intense manhunt that shut down the Boston area, police captured one of the bombing suspects, whose older brother and fellow suspect, died following a shootout with law enforcement earlier that same day†( History). Boston’s response to the marathon bombings – which saved lives, maintained order, eventually captured the lone surviving suspect, and brought a community together to heal, all in less than a week was what truly made the city â€Å"strong.† When news spread to the Red Sox while they were on the road, players took action immediately. They asked clubhouse workers to sew â€Å"617’, which is the Boston area code, on the back of a road jersey. The next day, the jersey hung in their dugout with â€Å"Boston† above the area code and â€Å"Strong† below it. Head coach John Farrell stated in a press conference that â€Å"Even though we may not be in Boston right now, we carry this with us. We feel very much a part of the city and the community and everything that goes on there.† The Red Sox ended up winning that game by a score of 7-2. While the city was healing, baseball was a distraction to keep everyone calm. The Red Sox are a way of life in Boston and this could help fans in sorrow and pain. The team returned home on April 20th, for a series against the Kansas City Royals. The day before the game, first responders and the volunteers to the terrorist attack met in front of the Green Monster to help roll a massive American flag. The next day, there

About Martin Luther Free Essays

string(62) " people to speak that day, according to the official program\." Martin Luther I Have a Dream From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search This article is about the Martin Luther King Jr. speech. For other uses, see I Have a Dream (disambiguation). We will write a custom essay sample on About Martin Luther or any similar topic only for you Order Now Martin Luther King, Jr. delivering â€Å"I Have a Dream† at the 1963 Washington D. C. Civil Rights March. | â€Å"I Have a Dream†Menu0:0030-second sample from â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech by Martin Luther King, Jr. | Problems listening to this file? See media help. | â€Å"I Have a Dream† is a public speech by American activist Martin Luther King, Jr. It was delivered by King on the afternoon of Wednesday, August 28, 1963, in which he called for an end to racism in the United States. The speech, delivered to over 250,000 civil rights supporters from the steps of the Lincoln Memorial during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, was a defining moment of the American Civil Rights Movement. [1] Beginning with a reference to the Emancipation Proclamation, which freed millions of slaves in 1863,[2] King examines that â€Å"one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free. [3] At the end of the speech, King departed from his prepared text for a partly improvised peroration on the theme of â€Å"I have a dream†, possibly prompted by Mahalia Jackson’s cry, â€Å"Tell them about the dream, Martin! â€Å"[4] In this part of the speech, which most excited the listeners and has now become the most famous, King described dreams of freedom and equality arising from a land of slavery and hatred. [5] The speech was ran ked the top American speech of the 20th century by a 1999 poll of scholars of public address. [6] Contents * 1 Background * 1. Speech title and the writing process * 2 The speech * 2. 1 Similarities and allusions * 3 Responses * 4 Legacy * 5 Copyright dispute * 6 References * 7 External links| Background View from the Lincoln Memorial toward the Washington Monument on August 28, 1963 The location on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial from which King delivered the speech is commemorated with this inscription. The March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom was partly intended to demonstrate mass support for the civil rights legislation proposed by President Kennedy in June. King and other leaders therefore agreed to keep their speeches calm, and to avoid provoking the civil disobedience which had become the hallmark of the civil rights movement. King originally designed his speech as a homage to Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address, timed to correspond with the 100-year centennial of the Emancipation Proclamation[5] Speech title and the writing process King had been preaching about dreams since 1960, when he gave a speech to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) called â€Å"The Negro and the American Dream†. This speech discusses the gap between the American dream and the American lived reality, saying that overt white supremacists have violated the dream, but also that â€Å"our federal government has also scarred the dream through its apathy and hypocricy, its betrayal of the cause of justice†. King suggests that â€Å"It may well be that the Negro is God’s instrument to save the soul of America. â€Å"[7][8] He had also delivered a â€Å"dream† speech in Detroit, in June 1963, when he marched on Woodward Avenue with Walter Reuther and the Reverend C. L. Franklin, and had rehearsed other parts. 9] The March on Washington Speech, known as â€Å"I Have a Dream Speech†, has been shown to have had several versions, written at several different times. [10] It has no single version draft, but is an amalgamation of several drafts, and was originally called â€Å"Normalcy, Never Again. † Little of this, and another â€Å"Normalcy Speech,† ends up in the final draft. A draft of â€Å"Normalcy, Never Again† is housed in the Morehouse College Martin Luther King, Jr. Collection of Robert W. Woodruff Library of the Atlanta University Center and Morehouse College. [11] Our focus on â€Å"I have a dream,† comes through the speech’s delivery. Toward the end of its delivery, noted African American gospel singer Mahalia Jackson shouted to Dr. King from the crowd, â€Å"Tell them about the dream, Martin. â€Å"[12] Dr. King stopped delivering his prepared speech and started â€Å"preaching†, punctuating his points with â€Å"I have a dream. † The speech was drafted with the assistance of Stanley Levison and Clarence Benjamin Jones[13] in Riverdale, New York City. Jones has said that â€Å"the logistical preparations for the march were so burdensome that the speech was not a priority for us† and that â€Å"on the evening of Tuesday, Aug. 7, [12 hours before the March] Martin still didn’t know what he was going to say†. [14] Leading up to the speech’s rendition at the Great March on Washington, King had delivered its â€Å"I have a dream† refrains in his speech before 25,000 people in Detroit’s Cobo Hall immediately after the 125,000-strong Great Walk to Freedom in Detr oit, June 23, 1963. [15][16] After the Washington, D. C. March, a recording of King’s Cobo Hall speech was released by Detroit’s Gordy records as an LP entitled â€Å"The Great March To Freedom. â€Å"[17] The speech Widely hailed as a masterpiece of rhetoric, King’s speech invokes the Declaration of Independence, the Emancipation Proclamation, and the United States Constitution. Early in his speech, King alludes to Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address by saying â€Å"Five score years ago†¦ † King says in reference to the abolition of slavery articulated in the Emancipation Proclamation, â€Å"It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of their captivity. † Anaphora, the repetition of a phrase at the beginning of sentences, is a rhetorical tool employed throughout the speech. An example of anaphora is found early as King urges his audience to seize the moment: â€Å"Now is the time†¦ † is repeated four times in the sixth paragraph. The most widely cited example of anaphora is found in the often quoted phrase â€Å"I have a dream†¦ † which is repeated eight times as King paints a picture of an integrated and unified America for his audience. Other occasions when King used anaphora include â€Å"One hundred years later,† â€Å"We can never be satisfied,† â€Å"With this faith,† â€Å"Let freedom ring,† and â€Å"free at last. King was the sixteenth out of eighteen people to speak that day, according to the official program. You read "About Martin Luther" in category "Essay examples" 18] According to U. S. Representative John Lewis, who also spoke that day as the president of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, â€Å"Dr. King had the power, the ability, and the capacity to transform those steps on the Lincoln Memorial into a monumental area that will forever be recognized. By speaking the way he did, he educated, he inspired, he informed not just the people there, but people throughout America and unborn generations. â€Å"[19] The ideas in the speech reflect King’s social experiences of the mistreatment of blacks. The speech draws upon appeals to America’s myths as a nation founded to provide freedom and justice to all people, and then reinforces and transcends those secular mythologies by placing them within a spiritual context by arguing that racial justice is also in accord with God’s will. Thus, the rhetoric of the speech provides redemption to America for its racial sins. [20] King describes the promises made by America as a â€Å"promissory note† on which America has defaulted. He says that â€Å"America has given the Negro people a bad check†, but that â€Å"we’ve come to cash this check† by marching in Washington, D. C. King’s speech includes the line â€Å"I have a dream, that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. I have a dream today! â€Å"[21] Similarities and allusions Further information: Martin Luther King, Jr. authorship issues King’s speech uses words and ideas from his own speeches and other texts. He had spoken about dreams, quoted from â€Å"My Country ‘Tis of Thee†, and of course referred extensively to the Bible, for years. The idea of constitutional rights as an â€Å"unfulfilled promise† was suggested by Clarence Jones. 7] The closing passage from King’s speech partially resembles Archibald Carey, Jr. ‘s address to the 1952 Republican National Convention: both speeches end with a recitation of the first verse of Samuel Francis Smith’s popular patriotic hymn â€Å"America† (My Country ’Tis of Thee), and th e speeches share the name of one of several mountains from which both exhort â€Å"let freedom ring†. [7] King also is said to have built on Prathia Hall’s speech at the site of a burned-down church in Terrell County, Georgia in September 1962, in which she used the repeated phrase â€Å"I have a dream†. 22] It also alludes to Psalm 30:5[23] in the second stanza of the speech. King also quotes from Isaiah 40:4-5—†I have a dream that every valley shall be exalted†¦ â€Å"[24] Additionally, King alludes to the opening lines of Shakespeare’s â€Å"Richard III† when he remarks, â€Å"this sweltering summer of the Negro’s legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn†¦ † Responses The speech was lauded in the days after the event, and was widely considered the high point of the March by contemporary observers. [25] James Reston, writing for the New York Times, said that â€Å"Dr. King touched all the themes of the day, only better than anybody else. He was full of the symbolism of Lincoln and Gandhi, and the cadences of the Bible. He was both militant and sad, and he sent the crowd away feeling that the long journey had been worthwhile. †[7] Reston also noted that the event â€Å"was better covered by television and the press than any event here since President Kennedy’s inauguration,† and opined that â€Å"it will be a long time before [Washington] forgets the melodious and melancholy voice of the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. crying out his dreams to the multitude. [26] An article in the Boston Globe by Mary McGrory reported that King’s speech â€Å"caught the mood† and â€Å"moved the crowd† of the day â€Å"as no other† speaker in the event. [27] Marquis Childs of The Washington Post wrote that King’s speech â€Å"rose above mere oratory†. [28] An article in the Los Angeles Times commented t hat the â€Å"matchless eloquence† displayed by King, â€Å"a supreme orator† of â€Å"a type so rare as almost to be forgotten in our age,† put to shame the advocates of segregation by inspiring the â€Å"conscience of America† with the justice of the civil-rights cause. 29] The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) also noticed the speech, which provoked them to expand their COINTELPRO operation against the SCLC, and to target King specifically as a major enemy of the United States. [30] Two days after King delivered â€Å"I Have a Dream†, Agent William C. Sullivan, the head of COINTELPRO, wrote a memo about King’s growing influence: In the light of King’s powerful demagogic speech yesterday he stands head and shoulders above all other Negro leaders put together when it comes to influencing great masses of Negroes. We must mark him now, if we have not done so before, as the most dangerous Negro of the future in this Nation from the standpoint of communism, the Negro and national security. [31] The speech was a success for the Kennedy administration and for the liberal civil rights coalition that had planned the March on Washington. Some of the more radical Black leaders who were present condemned the speech (along with the rest of the march) as too compromising. Malcolm X later wrote in his Autobiography: â€Å"Who ever heard of angry revolutionaries swinging their bare feet together with their oppressor in lily pad pools, with gospels and guitars and ‘I have a dream’ speeches? â€Å"[5] Legacy The March on Washington put pressure on the Kennedy administration to advance civil rights legislation in Congress. [32] The diaries of Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr. , published posthumously in 2007, suggest that President Kennedy was concerned that if the march failed to attract large numbers of demonstrators, it might undermine his civil rights efforts. In the wake of the speech and march, King was named Man of the Year by TIME magazine for 1963, and in 1964, he was the youngest person ever awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. [33][3] In 2002, the Library of Congress honored the speech by adding it to the United States National Recording Registry. [34] In 2003, the National Park Service dedicated an inscribed marble pedestal to commemorate the location of King’s speech at the Lincoln Memorial. [35] Copyright dispute Because King’s speech was broadcast to a large radio and television audience, there was controversy about the copyright status of the speech. If the performance of the speech constituted â€Å"general publication†, it would have entered the public domain due to King’s failure to register the speech with the Registrar of Copyrights. If the performance only constituted â€Å"limited publication†, however, King retained common law copyright. This led to a lawsuit, Estate of Martin Luther King, Jr. , Inc. v. CBS, Inc. , which established that the King estate does hold copyright over the speech and had standing to sue; the parties then settled. Unlicensed use of the speech or a part of it can still be lawful in some circumstances, especially in jurisdictions under doctrines such as fair use or fair dealing. Under the applicable copyright laws, the speech will remain under copyright in the United States until 70 years after King’s death, thus until 2038. â€Å"Martin Luther King† and â€Å"MLK† redirect here. For other uses, see Martin Luther King (disambiguation) and MLK (disambiguation). Martin Luther King, Jr. | King in 1964| Born| Michael King, Jr. January 15, 1929 Atlanta, Georgia, U. S. | Died| April 4, 1968 (aged  39) Memphis, Tennessee, U. S. | Monuments| Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial| Nationality| American| Alma mater| Morehouse College (B. A. ) Crozer Theological Seminary (B. D. ) Boston University (Ph. D. )| Organization| Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)| Influenced  by| Jesus Christ, Abraham Lincoln, Reinhold Niebuhr, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, Bayard Rustin, Howard Thurman, Paul Tillich, Leo Tolstoy| Political movement| African-American Civil Rights Movement, Peace movement| Religion| Baptist (Progressive National Baptist Convention)| Spouse(s)| Coretta Scott King (1953–1968)| Children| Yolanda Denise-King (1955–2007) Martin Luther King III (b. 1957) Dexter Scott King (b. 1961) Bernice Albertine King (b. 1963)| Parents| Martin Luther King, Sr. Alberta Williams King| Awards| Nobel Peace Prize (1964), Presidential Medal of Freedom (1977, posthumous), Congressional Gold Medal (2004, posthumous)| Signature| | Martin Luther King, Jr. (January 15, 1929  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  April 4, 1968) was an American clergyman, activist, and leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement. He is best known for his role in the advancement of civil rights using nonviolent civil disobedience. King has become a national icon in the history of American progressivism. [1] A Baptist minister, King became a civil rights activist early in his career. He led the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott and helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) in 1957, serving as its first president. With the SCLC, King led an unsuccessful struggle against segregation in Albany, Georgia in 1962, and organized nonviolent protests in Birmingham, Alabama that attracted national attention following television news coverage of the brutal police response. King also helped to organize the 1963 March on Washington, where he delivered his â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech. There, he established his reputation as one of the greatest orators in American history. He also established his reputation as a radical, and became an object of the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s COINTELPRO for the rest of his life. FBI agents investigated him for possible communist ties, recorded his extramarital liaisons and reported on them to government officials, and on one occasion, mailed King a threatening anonymous letter that he interpreted as an attempt to make him commit suicide. On October 14, 1964, King received the Nobel Peace Prize for combating racial inequality through nonviolence. In 1965, he and the SCLC helped to organize the Selma to Montgomery marches and the following year, he took the movement north to Chicago. In the final years of his life, King expanded his focus to include poverty and the Vietnam War, alienating many of his liberal allies with a 1967 speech titled â€Å"Beyond Vietnam†. King was planning a national occupation of Washington, D. C. , called the Poor People’s Campaign. King was assassinated on April 4, 1968, in Memphis, Tennessee. His death was followed by riots in many U. S. cities. Allegations that James Earl Ray, the man convicted of killing King, had been framed or acted in concert with government agents persisted for decades after the shooting, and the jury of a 1999 civil trial found Loyd Jowers to be complicit in a conspiracy against King. King was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Congressional Gold Medal. Martin Luther King, Jr. Day was established as a U. S. federal holiday in 1986. Hundreds of streets in the U. S. have been renamed in his honor. A memorial statue on the National Mall was opened to the public in 2011. How to cite About Martin Luther, Essay examples

Obesity for Translational Gastroenterology- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theObesity for Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology. Answer: Introduction The paper deals with the effect of obesity on intestinal barrier function. Further, the relation of obesity to IBD is explained. Effect of obesity on intestinal barrier function Obesity is associated with metabolic alterations in the body such as insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. Metabolic syndrome manifest as low-grade systemic inflammation and is directly associated with the intestinal barriers dysfunction. Inflammation is caused by the lipopolysaccharide or LPS derived from the gut microbiota. This factor is associated with the metabolic disease linked to obesity. LPS is the major component of bacterial cell wall (gram negative bacteria). These bacteria can induce inflammation. Intestinal epithelium acts as barrier in normal physiological conditions and inhibits the LPS translocation (Walters et al. 2014). People with obesity consume high fat diet. The barrier function is changed by the high fat diet due to reducing thickness of mucous layer. Thus, it is easy for the microbes to destroy the tight junction protein and destroy the intestinal permeability. Poor permeability allows greater access of bacteria to intestinal route. It consequently incr eases the inflammatory process resulting in intestinal tissue injury wall. It results in inflammatory bowel disease or IBD (Seminerio et al. 2015). Thus, obesity is associated with IBD. Several experiments conducted with mice model showed manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease showed clear defect in epithelial barrier defects. In mice models, epithelial tight junction proteins were poorly expressed when kept on high fat diet (Knig et al. 2016). Conclusion In conclusion obesity negatively impacts the intestinal barrier function leading to increases in inflammatory process initiated by bacteria. This barrier injury is manifest as IBD. Hence, obesity is related to IBD via metabolic alterations. References Knig, J., Wells, J., Cani, P.D., Garca-Rdenas, C.L., MacDonald, T., Mercenier, A., Whyte, J., Troost, F. and Brummer, R.J., 2016. Human intestinal barrier function in health and disease.Clinical and translational gastroenterology,7(10), p.e196. Seminerio, J.L., Koutroubakis, I.E., Ramos-Rivers, C., Hashash, J.G., Dudekula, A., Regueiro, M., Baidoo, L., Barrie, A., Swoger, J., Schwartz, M. and Weyant, K., 2015. Impact of obesity on the management and clinical course of patients with inflammatory bowel disease.Inflammatory bowel diseases,21(12), pp.2857-2863. Walters, W.A., Xu, Z. and Knight, R., 2014. Meta?analyses of human gut microbes associated with obesity and IBD.FEBS letters,588(22), pp.4223-4233.